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    Persian Letters

    literary work by Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu

    For letters of the Persian alphabet, see Persian alphabet.

    Persian Letters (French: Lettres persanes) is a literary work, published in , by Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu, recounting the experiences of two fictional Persian noblemen, Usbek and Rica, who spend several years in France under Louis XIV and the Regency.[1]

    Plot summary

    In , Usbek leaves his seraglio in Isfahan to make the long journey to France, accompanied by his young friend Rica.

    He leaves behind five wives (Zashi, Zéphis, Fatmé, Zélis, and Roxane) in the care of a number of black eunuchs, one of whom is the head or first eunuch. During the trip and their long stay in Paris (–), they comment, in letters exchanged with friends and mullahs, on numerous aspects of Western, Christian society, particularly French politics and manners, including a biting satire of the System of John Law.

    Over time, various d